In case of violation of venous blood, the pressure inside the veins increases, they begin to expand and become visible under the skin.Varicose disease most often affects the veins of the lower extremities, but can occur in any organ of the human body.
General characteristic
Walking varicose can affect men and women of any age, but most often found in middle -aged and elderly patients.Varicose veins are a very common disease.Up to 15% of older men and almost all older women suffer from this disease.
Risk factors for the development of pathology:
- the presence of a disease in close relatives;
- sedentary lifestyle;
- overweight;
- long standing in the standing position;
- Pregnancy.
The causes of varicose veins
The causes of varicose veins are not fully studied.In some cases, poor blood flow to the veins is caused by the absence or weakness of the vascular valve apparatus located in depth of the fabrics.Also, varicose veins of the lower extremities and other organs can be caused by the weakness of the vascular wall itself.
Less common, varicose veins are associated with the following conditions:
- transferred vein inflammation (phlebitis);
- formation of blood clots in the venous line;
- Congenital abnormalities in the development of blood vessels.
The disease is characterized by a progressive course and cannot be fully cured.However, there is a very effective prevention of varicose veins - the use of compression socks, maintaining normal weight and regular physical activity, mainly walking or swimming.The dynamic load on the foot helps the muscles push the blood up the veins, and not to give it a flow in the opposite direction.
Classification of varicose veins
Depending on the location of the pathologically changed vessels, such varicose veins are distinguished:
- varicose veins of the small pelvis in women;
- vein lesion of the lower extremities;
- enlargement of esophagus veins during liver pathology;
- Postrombophlebitic options in different organs.
There are such phases of varicose veins:
- compensated: no complaints, enlarged veins in the legs are visible;
- Subcompensated: patients complain of swelling, explosion, severity in the legs, convulsions at night;
- Decomposition: Development of skin changes - hyperpigmentation, signs of chronic inflammation, trophic ulcers.
The clinic often uses the CEAP classification, completely describing the clinical signs, the causes, the localization of the lesion and the type of blood flow disorders.
The symptoms of varicose veins
In the initial stage of patients, only aesthetic disturbances are concerned.In the future they come together:
- pain pain, convulsions, itching of the skin;
- swelling, especially in the evening, severity and fatigue in the legs;
- A feeling of explosion.
Symptoms less frequent but more serious include:
- subcutaneous hemorrhage from a broken vein;
- thrombophlebitis;
- trophic ulcers;
- "Wet" dermatitis;
- Rough cicatricial changes in the skin.
These complications are much worse for treatment than pathology at an early stage.
To explore the veins in the foot and get the treatment of varicose veins, you should contact a vascular surgeon or phlebologist.The diagnosis necessarily involves dopplerography with vein ultrasound to evaluate blood flow, vessel wall, valve apparatus.
Treatment of Varicose veins
Methods on how to treat varicose veins depend on the size and location of the changed veins, the presence of symptoms and skin changes.Treatment of varicose veins is performed using different methods:
- raised position of the feet in the position of lie or landing;
- the use of specially selected knitwear;
- sclerotherapy (presentation of a special remedy in the lumen with the formation of a blood clot and the subsequent destruction of the vein);
- pathologically altered vein ablation using laser, radio frequency and other techniques;
- Surgical treatment of varicose veins in the foot - phlebectomy.
In the early stages of the disease, the doctor will prescribe a drug for varicose veins for oral or external use:
- varicose veins tablets;
- Ointment from varicose veins with anti -inflammatory, venotonic, anticoagulant and other beneficial effects.
Moreover, many patients use the treatment of varicose veins with popular remedies:
- Horse chestnut alcohol tinctures or Kalanchoe leaves for friction and compresses;
- compresses from tomatoes, cabbage, kalanchoe;
- Plant infusions - Normes, Yarrow, Chamomile and St. John's Wort, Raspraie and Root Alteen Sheet.
Prevention of the disease
To prevent or slow down the development of varicose veins, doctors propose to adhere to such preventive rules:
- raising periodic legs in the pillow;
- rejection of prolonged stay;
- the use of compression preventive knitwear, which can be selected at a pharmacy or medical store;
- Regular physical activity (walking);
- weight control;
- If necessary, staying for a long time - performing simple exercises (rolling from the feet to the heel, climbing socks, rotation on the feet).
Such measures will contribute to the mechanical reduction of the load on the venous canal, improving the vein valve apparatus and storage of the vascular wall.